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Medically reviewed and verified by Kate Burke, MD, MHA
Living with type 1 diabetes is a full-time job in many ways. Between managing blood sugar levels, taking insulin, and monitoring for potential complications, it’s easy to overlook certain aspects of health. One area that does not always get much attention is the connection between type 1 diabetes and hearing loss. Research shows that hearing loss is twice as common in people with diabetes compared to those without it. Now this encompasses all forms of diabetes, not just type 1. Those who are living with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are also at an increased risk of getting hearing loss, particularly with higher frequencies. Here, PatientsLikeMe will look at what the connection is between the two, signs to watch for, and practical ways to protect your hearing.
Diabetes and Hearing Loss
Type 1 diabetes is when the immune system attacks insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. This leads to high blood sugar levels. Over time, high or constantly changing blood sugar can damage different parts of the body. This includes the tiny blood vessels and nerves in the inner ear. High blood sugar can harm the nerves responsible for transmitting sound signals from the ear to the brain, which makes your hearing ability worse. Diabetes can also damage the small blood vessels in the inner ear, disrupting the ear’s ability to function properly. Chronically low blood sugar can interfere with how nerve signals travel from the inner ear to the brain, further contributing to hearing loss. Even people with prediabetes have a 30% higher risk of hearing loss compared to those with normal blood sugar levels.
Click here to learn more about Type 1 Diabetes.
Signs of Hearing Loss
Hearing loss often develops slowly. This can make it hard to notice in the early stages. Common symptoms are:
- Frequently asking people to repeat themselves.
- Trouble following conversations.
- Thinking people are muffled or mumbling.
- Turning up the volume on the TV or radio to levels uncomfortable for others.
- Difficulty hearing high-pitched sounds.
- Balance issues.
If you notice these signs, talk to your doctor and schedule a hearing test.
Managing Hearing Loss
Unfortunately, hearing loss cannot be reversed. However, there are steps you can take to protect your ears and manage the impact of this complication! The first and most important step is managing blood sugar levels. Keeping your blood sugar as close to the target range as possible is the best way to reduce the risk of complications, including hearing loss. Work closely with your healthcare team to get a plan that balances insulin, diet, and activity levels.
Add annual hearing tests into your routine. Audiologists, who are hearing specialists, can find early signs of hearing loss and recommend steps to protect your hearing. Protect your ears from more damage by:
- Limiting exposure to loud noises.
- Using ear protection when in noisy environments.
- Avoiding medications known to harm hearing if safer alternatives are available.
- Staying physically active to support circulation and vascular health.
- Eating a balanced diet rich in antioxidants and nutrients.
Hearing loss can impact your relationships and quality of life. If you’re struggling, talk to your family, friends, and doctors. Consider devices like hearing aids or amplified telephones to make talking and listening easier.
Hearing loss is a lesser-known complication of type 1 diabetes but one that deserves attention. By understanding the connection between diabetes and hearing health, you can take steps to prevent or slow hearing loss and improve your overall health. If you suspect hearing issues, don’t hesitate to seek help from an audiologist or your diabetes care team. Managing diabetes is about more than just blood sugar! It is about taking care of your whole body, including your ears. With the right care, you can continue to enjoy a full and vibrant life.
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